The leading natural bone substitute in regenerative dentistry worldwide1,2. The outstanding osteo-conductive properties to effective and predictable bone regeneration3-5.

Tooth loss, trauma or tumour resection can lead to large bone deficiencies in the alveolar ridge. Reconstructive measures are indicated to augment poor bone quantity.

Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is a surgical procedure that uses grafting materials and barrier membranes to stimulate and direct the growth of new bone at defect sites.

Peri-implant infections are pathological conditions surrounding dental implants.

Periodontal disease is characterised by the destruction of periodontal tissue. If non-surgical, Phase I treatment such as patient education, plaque control, scaling and root planing fails, further surgical solutions are required.

Augmentation can be conducted before implant placement (two-stage surgery) or simultaneously (single surgery). Posterior maxilla residual bone and sinus anatomy must be analysed before planning the technique and timing of implant placement. The following table shows a simplified summary of the current guidelines1.